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CMOS Technology: History, Manufacturing Process, Application
CMOS, or Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor, is a crucial component in various electronic devices, particularly in computers. This article aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of CMOS, its history, functions,

How to Convert Gerber to PCB?
There are many articles on how to convert Gerber to PCB on the Internet, but most of them simply list a few steps. This article aims to introduce the process

74HC245 Octal Bus Tranceiver
74HC245 specs: pinout, direction control, and voltage translation. Learn how to use it in data buses for Arduino/STM32. Application examples and datasheet breakdown!

PNP Transistor: How It Works & Applications
Confused about PNP transistors? Learn operation principles, biasing, and common emitter/collector configurations. Compare with NPN for circuit design. Beginner-friendly guide!

BC547 Transistor: Pinout & Circuit Guide
BC547 NPN transistor specs: current gain, voltage limits, and biasing techniques. Ideal for small-signal amplification. Project examples and datasheet summary!

Solder Paste Guide: Types & Application Tips
Choose solder paste: alloy composition (Sn-Pb, lead-free), viscosity, and stencil printing. Tips for SMT assembly and reflow soldering. Best practices inside!

Soldering Flux Guide: Types & Best Practices
Choosing the right flux: rosin, water-soluble, and no-clean types. Learn how flux improves soldering quality and prevents defects. Safety tips inside!

BMP280 Pressure Sensor: Guide & Integration
BMP280 specs: altitude/temperature sensing, I2C/SPI interface, and low-power mode. Learn to connect to Arduino/STM32 for IoT projects.

Wave Soldering Guide: Process & Best Practices
Wave soldering for through-hole components: process steps, flux application, and defect prevention. Tips for optimizing throughput and quality. Expert guide here!

HASL Surface Finish: PCB Design Guide
Hot Air Solder Leveling (HASL) basics: pros/cons, lead-free options, and compatibility. Learn to specify HASL for cost-effective PCBs. Best practices inside!

Motherboards Explained: Components & Design Tips
Understand motherboard architecture: CPU sockets, buses, and PCB layers. Tips for selecting components and optimizing layout. Essential for system design. Guide here!

12 Types of Circuit Board Components
Identify 12+ PCB components: resistors, capacitors, ICs, and connectors. Functions, symbols, and best practices for placement. Essential for beginners.